The quantum mechanical principle of wave-particle duality is not limited to light and its constituent photons. Indeed, matter can also be made to exhibit wavelike behavior, as dramatically demonstrated by numerous experiments in diffractive electron optics. Remarkably, the wavelike properties of matter suggest that the very same techniques used to structure photons can be applied to shaping matter waves. In my talk, I will present the recent progress, challenges and development in structuring photon, electron and neutron beams. Their applications in different research fields such as high-dimensional quantum information processing and materials science will also be the subject of my talk.